¶§©ú¤j¾Ç¯f²z¾Ç¬ì±Ð¾Ç¬Á¤ù¥Ø¿ý
(3/15/1997²Ä¤@ª©)
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001. Fatty change, liver
002. Vacuolar nephrosis, kidney
003. Polycythemia, marrow
004. Hyaline degeneration (in chronic membranous GN), kidney.
006. Brain edema, Brain.
011. Old infarct, Brain
013. Amyloidosis, kidney.
019. Chocolate cyst, ovary
021. Metastatic calcification, kidney (Renal calcinosis) (focal pyelonephritis with stag-horn stone)
030. Nodular goiter, thyroid.
032. Congestion & edema, lung
036. Centrilobular congestion and necrosis, liver.
037. Cerebral hemorrhage
040. Disseminated intravascular coagulation, kidney
041. Acute suppurative appendicitis.
044. Chronic sinusitis
046. Brain abscess
047. Purulent meningitis
051. Granulation tissue, Skin
053. Chronic gastric ulcer.
054. Myelofibrosis, bone marrow.
067. Adenocarcinoma, Endometrium.
071. Candidiasis, thyroid.
072. Pulmonary Tuberculosis with cavitation & aspergillosis
073. Cryptococcosis, brain.
077. Bacterial vegetation, mitral valve
081. Cytomegalovirus inclusion disease, lung.
091. Hyperacute rejection in renal transplantation.
092. Choroid plexus papilloma.
093. Parkinson
¡¦s disease
095. Malignant lymphoma, nodular, predominant small cleaved cell(Lymph node)
100. Primary diffuse hyperplasia (Graves¡¦ disease),Thyroid
101. Testis, atrophy
102. Nodular hyperplasia, prostate.
103. Squamous metaplasia, cervix
104. Dysplasia, cervix
106. Pituitary adenoma.
107. Parotid gland, Pleomorphic adenoma
108. Hepatoma, liver
110. Adenocarcinoma of cardia of stomach.
111. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, stomach (Signet-ring cell).
114. Compound Nevus
119. Warthin¡¦s tumor, Salivary gland
122. Epidermoid carcinoma in situ, cervix
123. Adenocarcinoma, colon.
130. Medullo(myo)blastoma
131. Schwannoma
138. Germinoma
139. Glioblastoma
142. Fibrocystic disease
143. Condyloma acuminatum
149. Infiltrating duct carcinoma, breast.
151. Fresh myocardial infarct, heart.
152. Coronary artery atherosclerosis & myocardial hypertrophy
161. Atherosclerosis of aorta
163. Vascular malformation, brain.
165. Capillary hemangioma, skin
166. Centrilobular emphysema, lung
168. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma
172. Small cell carcinoma (Oat cell type)
174. Lobar pneumonia
175. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), undifferentiated
177. Interstitial pneumonia
180. Osteosarcoma
181. Mesothelioma with hemothorax
189. Ewing's sarcoma
191. Amebic colitis, colon
194. Ameloblastoma
195. Adenomatous polyp, colon
206. Malignant lymphoma, diffuse, large cell.
207. Malignant lymphoma, lymphoblastic, Lymph node.
212. Portal cirrhosis, liver
215. Submassive hepatic necrosis
217. SJogren's syndrome, Salivary gland
219. Biliary cirrhosis & Schistosomiasis, liver
223. Cholangioma, liver
226. Dissecting aneurysm, aorta
229. Avascular necrosis, Femur head
234. Fat necrosis (acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis)
235. Benign & malignant nephrosclerosis, simple cyst & microadenoma,Kidney
239. D.M.Nodular glomerulosclerosis, Kidney
241. Rapid progressive glomerulonephritis (diffuse crescentic GN), kidney
243. Renal cell carcinoma, Kidney
245. Neurofibroma, skin
246. Acute glomerulonephritis (Diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis, postinfectious type), kidney
247. Wilms' tumor (Nephroblastoma), kidney
251. Adenocarcinoma of prostate
256. Transitional cell carcinoma, urinary bladder
263. Fibroadenoma, breast
264. Meningioma, meningotheliomatous type
266. Dermoid cyst, ovary
269. Epidermoid carcinoma, cervix
270. Adenocarcinoma, cervix
272. Adenomyosis and Leiomyoma, Uterus
278. Chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML), Bone marrow
280. Multiple myeloma, bone marrow
282. Malignant melanoma, skin
285. Hodgkin's disease, mixed cellular type, lymph node
289. Hodgkin's disease, nodular sclerosis type, lymph node
293. Thymoma, thymus
295. Follicular adenoma, thyroid
297. Hashimoto's thyroiditis, thyroid
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001. Fatty change, liver
Etiology : alcoholism¡Nobesity¡Nmalnutrition¡Nchronic wasting disease¡MD.M.¡MChloroform¡MCCl4 .
±`µo¥Í©ó Liver¡Mheart.
Gross : ¨x¸~¤j¡N¤Á±§e¶À¦â¡Nªoº{ª¬¡C
¨x²ÓMªº²ÓM½è¤º§t¦³ fat vacuoles¡M¥i·»¦X¦¨¤jªº clear space¡C
²ÓM®Ö³Q fat À½¦Ü cell ªº©PÃ䳡¥÷¡C
¨x²ÓM¦] fat vacuoles ¦Óº¦¤j¡C
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002. Vacuolar nephrosis, kidney
Etiology : chloroform or CCl4 ¤¤¬r¡Minfection, high fever, & hypocalcemia¡C
mechanism : ¥Ñ©ó cell µLªk«O«ù¤ô¤À¤ÎÂ÷¤l¤§¥¿Å¡M²ÓM¥~¤§¤ô¤À¶i¤J²ÓM¤º³y¦¨ cell swelling¡C
±`µo¥Í©óµÇŦªº proximal convoluted tubules ¤§¤W¥Ö²ÓM¡M¥ç¥i¨£©ó heart¤Î liver ¤§ parenchymal cells¡C
micro¤U¥i¨£ªñ¦±¤pºÞ¤§¤W¥Ö²ÓM¸û¬°³z«G(¦]¬°¤ô¤À¿n»E)¡C
¦bM¼ß¤¤¥ç¥i¨£¤p¦Ó³z©ú¤§ vacuoles¡M¦³®É nucleus ·|³Q vacuoles À½¦Ü¤@®Ç¡C
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003. Polycythemia, marrow
Cellularity ¬ù75%¡M¦U¨t¦Cªº³y¦å²ÓM¬Ò¦³¼W¥[¡M¤×¥H Erythroid ¨t¦C¤¤¤§normoblast ¼W¥[³Ì¬°©úÅã¡C
¥i¨£¦¨ÂOªº megakaryocytes¡M¨Ã¥i¨£ Giant megakaryocyte¡C
»P CML ¤Î¨ä¥¦ªº Myeloproliferative Disease°µÅ²§O¶EÂ_¡C
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004. Hyaline degeneration (in chronic membranous GN), kidney.
¦]¹L¦h¤§ protein ¸g¥Ñ glomerulus Âo¦ÜµÇ¤pºÞ¡M¥Ñ©óªñ¦±¤pºÞ¤W¥Ö²ÓMªºM¶¼§@¥Î¦Ó¦b¨äM¼ß¤¤§Î¦¨ pink hyaline droplets¡C
Micro¤U¥i¨£µÇ¤pºÞ¤W¥Ö²ÓM¤¤¦³ pink hyaline droplets¡C
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006. Brain edema, Brain.
Edema : ¹L¶q¤§Åé²G°ï¿n©óM¤º©Î²ÓM¶¡¡C¸£¤ô¸~³q±`¬O¥Ñ©ó¸£³¡¤§¥~¶Ë¡M·P¬V¡M¸~½F¡M±ð¶ë¡M¸£³¡ÀR¯ß¦^¬y¨üªýµ¥¤Þ°_¡C
Micro ¤U Brain tissue ¸û²¨ÃP¡M²GÅé¦b²ÓM¤º©M interstitial space °ï¿n¡C
¦b¤p¦åºÞ©P³òªº peri-vascular space ©Î²ÓM¤º²ÓM®Ö®ÇªÅ¶¡Åܼe¡M³y¦¨ clear halo¡C
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011. Old infarct, Brain
¤@¯ë¾¹©x¤§ ischemic necrosis ³Ì±`¨£¬O coagulative necrosis¡M¦Ó¦b brain «h¬O liquefaction necrosis¡C
¦b micro ¤U¡M¨ü¼vÅT¤§°Ï°ìÃC¦â¸û²H¦Ó¥B²¨ÃP¡M¥Ñ©ó¦³ edema ¡M¦Ó¨Ïinterstitial space Åܤj¡C
¨ü¶Ë¦a°Ï¥ç·|¦³«Ü¦h microglia »E¶°¦æ phagocytosis ¡M¥i¨£macrophages §]¾½ cellular debris ¤Î hemosiderin pigment¡C¦¹ºØ²ÓM¤SºÙ gitter cell¡C
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013. Amyloidosis, kidney.
¦b glomeruli ¤¤¦³ homogeneous, eosinophilic, hyalinized substance ( amyloid ) °ï¿n¡C glomeruli ¤§¬[ºc³£¤v¸g¯}Ãa¡C
°£¤F glomeruli ¥~¡Marterial & arteriolar walls ¤]¨ü¼vÅT¡Cpinkish hyalinized thickening of arterial walls¡MºÞµÄÅܯ¶¡C
¦³¨Ç°Ï°ì³s peritubular tissue ¤]¦³ homogeneous, eosinophilic, hyaline deposit¡C
¥i¨£¦åºÞ¦³ congestion ²{¶H¡C
round cells infiltration¡C
Y¥Î Congo red ¬V¦â amyloid ·|¬V¦¨¬õ¦â¥B¦b°¾¥úÅã·LÃè¤UÆ[¹î¦³Birefringence ªº²{¶H¡M¥i»P¨ä protein ¤§°ï¿n°Ï¤À¡C
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019. Chocolate cyst, ovary
Chocolate cyst¡M¦h¦]¬° endometriosis of ovary ³y¦¨¡C
endometriosis of ovary ¥i¦b ovarian parenchyma ¤¤§ä¨ì endometrial gland and stroma¡M¨ä¤¤ endometrial stroma ¥i³y¦¨¥X¦å¡Nµoª¢¡N¤Î adhesion¡C
µoª¢·UÄY««h·U¤£©ö§ä¨ì endometrial glands ©Î stroma¡M³Ì«á§Î¦¨¤@Ó cyst §t¦³ blood ¤Î¨ä¤À¸Ñª«¡C¥Ñ©ó§e½Å¦â¬GºÙ¬° chocolate cyst¡C
Micro ¤U¡M¥i¨£ cyst wall ¤W¦³¼Æ¼h hemosiderin-laden macrophage ¤Î fibrous tissue¡C
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021. Metastatic calcification, kidney (Renal calcinosis) (focal pyelonephritis with stag-horn stone)
Etiology : hypercalcemia¡C
¦b epithelial cells of renal tubules ¦³basophilic amorphous deposition of calcium salts¡C
focal round cell infiltration¡C
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030. Nodular goiter, thyroid.
¯S¼x¬° nodularity. Nodules ¤j¤p¤£¤@¡M¨ä¶¡¦³ fibrous septa. Nodule¥i§¹¥þ©Î³¡¤À³Q encapsulated.
¦³¨Ç Nodules ·|¦³ degeneration ±¡ªp¡M²£¥Í cholesterol crystals¡Mcalcificationµ¥¡C
¤]¦³ hemorrhage with hemosiderin deposition¡Mfibrous scarring¡M©ÎªÌ cystic degeneration.
follicle ¤§ epithelium ¤j¤p¤£¦P¡M¦³ªº¥¿±`¡M¦³ªºÅÜ¥¡M¦³ªºÅܰª¡C
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032. Congestion & edema, lung
¥i¦] heart failure, renal disease, alveolar wall ¯}Ãa©Î infection³y¦¨¡C
congestion : alveolar septa Åܼe¡Malveolar capillaries ÂX¤j¡M¦³»´·L¤§ intra-alveolar hemorrhage¡M¦³®É¥i¨£hemosiderin-laden macrophage.
edema : ¦b interstitium ¤Î alveolar wall ¦³ protein-rich fluid »E¿n¡M¦³®É edematous septa ·| fibrotic ©Î¦³ hemosiderin pigmentation ºÙ¬° brown induration.
ªø´Á congestion ¤U¡M·|¨Ï pulmonary arteries & arterioles ¤§ºÞ¾ÀÅÜ«p¡C
³¡¤À°Ï°ì¦³ round cell infiltration.
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036. Centrilobular congestion and necrosis, liver.
¥Ñ©ó right side cardiac decompensation ³y¦¨ congestion of central vein ¤Î centrilobular sinusoids¡M¨Ï centrilobular congestion ³¡¤À§eµµ¬õ¦â¡M¦Ó¥~³ò«h¬°¥¿±`¤§ liver lobules¡M ¦¹²{¶Hgross ºÙ¬°Nutmeg liver.
¥i¦] centrilobular congestion or hypoperfusion hypoxia ¤Þ°_rupture of capillary sinusoid „_ hemorrhage „_ ³y¦¨ centrilobular liver cells ¤§ compressive atrophy ¤Î necrosis.
central vein ¤Î centrilobular sinusoids ¦³ congestion¡M¤Îcentrilobular region ¦³ hemorrhage.
centrilobular lover cell ¯}Ãa®ø¥¢¡C
micro¤U¡M¥i¨£ hemorrhagic necrosis of centrilobular area.
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037. Cerebral hemorrhage
±`¦]¬° hypertensive vascular disease, trauma, rupture of aneurysms, angioma, blood dyscrasias¡M¤Î tumor ¤Þ°_¡C
¸£²Õ´¤v¸g³¡¤À¯}Ãa¤F¡M¦Ó¥B¬°¦å¶ô©Ò¨ú¥N¡M³o¸ò hemorrhagic infarct¤£¦P¡C
¦b hemorrhage ©P³ò¤§¸£²Õ´¦³ edema ²{¶H¡C
©P³òªº¸£¹ê½è¤¤¤]¦³©úÅ㪺 perivascular hemorrhage.
¦åºÞ¥i¨£ congestion.
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040. Disseminated intravascular coagulation, kidney
¥Dn¬° fibrin ¤Î platelets »E¦¨ microthrombus ¼sªx¦a¤À¥¬©ómicrocirculation ¤¤¡C
fibrin, RBC, platelets §Î¦¨ microhtrombi¡M¦s©ó capillary loops of glomeruli.
¦³ focal tubular cell necrosis.
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041. Acute suppurative appendicitis.
¦b mucosa, submucosa, ¤Î muscularis propria §¡¦³ neutrophil infiltration.
subserosal vessels ¦³ congestion¡M¨ä®Ç¥ç¦³ neutrophil infiltration.
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044. Chronic sinusitis
mucosal tissue ¦³©úÅ㪺 edema ¤Î hyperemia.
¥H eosinophils & plasma cells ¬°¥D¤§ chronic inflammatory cell infiltration in mucosal tissue.
stroma edema, fibrous tissue „^ ¡M¬G hypertrophy.
¦³ nasal polyps formation.
¥Ñ©ó3 & 4¡M¬G¯f¤H©ö»ó¶ë¡C
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046. Brain abscess
¥i¯à¥Ñ©ó trauma ¨Ï organism ª½±µ¶i¤J¡M©Î¥Ñ¨ä¥L¾Fªñ¦a°Ï¤§·P¬VÂX®i¦Ó¨Ó¡M©Î¥Ñ»·³B·P¬V¸g¥Ñ¦å¸ôÂಾ¤Þ°_¡C
§C¿Ãè¤U¥i¨£¤@¤ùÂŦâ°Ï°ì¬O¥Ñ leukocytes ¤Î cell debris ©Ò²Õ¦¨¡C
¾ãÓ abscess ¤§ lesion ¤À¤G¼h :
¤º¼h : cell debris¡Minflammatory cells (¥Dn¬° PMN).
¥~¼h : fibrosis and gliosis ¤Î¦åºÞ¼W¥Í¡C
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047. Purulent meningitis
¦´Á¦³¦åºÞ¤§ÅÜ¤Æ : hyperemia¡M§½³¡¦åºÞ®Ç¥X¦å¡Mcellular exudate¥X²{¡M§óÄY«·|¦³ thick purulent exudate.
¦b leptomeninges ¦³ dense inflammatory exudate¡M¥Dn¥Ñ PMN leukocytes ¤Î fibrin ©Ò²Õ¦¨¡C
meninges ªº¦åºÞ¦³ congestion¡C
neuron ²£¥Í ischemic change ( red neuron ) .
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051. Granulation tissue, Skin
¥Ö¤U²Õ´©M¯u¥Ö³Q granulation tissue ©Ò¨ú¥N¡C
small newly formed blood vessels©Myoung fibroblasts ¼W¥Í granulation tissue.
Edematous Change.
Infiltrated with acute inflammatory cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and plasma cells.
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053. Chronic gastric ulcer.
Interuption of mucosa.
ºC©Êµoª¢²ÓMªº®û¼í¡C
Ulcer ¥Dn¤À¬°¥|Ó Zones :
¦b ulcer ªº©³¼h©MÃä½t¦³¤@²L¼hªº necrotic fibrinoid debris.
¦A¤U¤@¼h¬O«D¯S²§©Êµoª¢²ÓMªº®û¼í¡C
§ó²`¤@¼h¦³ active granulation tissue ©M³æ®Ö¥Õ¦å²yªº®û¼í¡C
³Ì¤U¤@¼h«h¬O fibrous ©Î collagenous scar.
³ò¶¦b gastric ulcer ©P³òªºGÂH½¤³q±`«Ü¦hµoª¢²ÓMªº®û¼í : ¦³plasma cells, lymphocytes ©M¤@¨Ç neutrophils.
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054. Myelofibrosis, bone marrow
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¥»¤ù¥i¨£¤j¶qÅÖºû²Õ¦¨, ÅÖºû²ÓM®Ö¬°¦y§Î, ¦³¯»¬õ¦âµ·ª¬²ÓM¼ß, ²ÓM¬É¤£©úÅã.
Megakaryocyte ¼W¥Í, ¨ä§ÎºA¨ã¤j¶q¯»¬õ¦âªº²ÓM¼ß©M¥¨¤j,¤£³W«hªº®Ö.
ÅÖºû²Õ´¶¡¥çÂø¦³¤Ö¶q¬õ¦å²y©M¥Õ¦å²yµ¥³y¦å²ÓM.
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067. Adenocarcinoma, Endometrium.
¥i¦³¤£¦P¤§¤À¤Æµ{«×
Grade 1 ( Well differentiated ) _ ÅãµÛ¥B©ö©ó¿ë»{ªº¸¢Åéºc³y¡C
Grade 2 ( Moderately differentiated ) _ ¸¢ª¬ºc³y©M solid sheets of malignant cells ¬Û¤¬²V¦X¡C
Grade 3 ( Poorly differentiated ) _ ¥Dn¬° Solid sheets of malignant cells ©M¤@¨Ç´X¥GµLªk¤À¿ëªº¸¢ª¬ºc³y¡Mnuclear atypia, mitotic figure¡C·¥¬°©úÅã¡C
¦¹¤ùÄÝ©ógrade 2.
¦h¦¨¸¢Å骬±Æ¦C¡Manaplasia ©úÅã¡C
Invasion of myometrium, focal.
tumor cell ¦bblood vessel ¤¤ ( Tumor emboli ) .
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071. Candidiasis, thyroid.
¦b²Õ´¤¤ Candida ¨S¦³¤ÀªK¡M¹³¦³»\³f¨® ( boxcar ) ¯ëªº¤@¦ê¦êfilament¡M¥s°µ pseudohyphae.
Yeast form ¬ù2~4£g¡M¥Ñ pseudohyphae ªÞª¬¬ð°_¡M¥s°µ blastospores, Gram¡¦s, PAS ©M silver stain ¥i§ó²M·¡¦a¬V¥X¡C
micro ¥i¬Ý¨ì thyroid tissue «ÜÄY«¦a³Q³\¦h fungi «I¥Ç©Ò¯}Ãa¡C
¦¹¤ù¨S¤°»òµoª¢¤ÏÀ³¡M»P¯f¤Hªº immunocompromized state ¦³Ãö¡C
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072. Pulmonary Tuberculosis with cavitation & aspergillosis
Aspergillus ªº¯SÂI :
- Branching filaments 5
¨ì10£g «p¡M¦³ septation.
¤À¤ä¨¤«×¤p©ó90¢X¡C
¨ä fruiting body ( Conidiophores ) «Ü¹³ holy water sprinkler.
¶É¦V©ó«I¥Ç¦åºÞ¡M©Ò¥H°£¤F suppurative tissue reactions ¥~¡M¤]¦³§½³¡ªº hemorrhage©Minfarction.
¦¹¤ù¥i¬Ý¨ì pulmonary congestion, edema, hemorrhage ¥~¡M¤]¦³³\¦hcaseous tubercles ©M granulomas ¤Î giant cells.
¦³Ó Cavity¡M¨ä¤º¦³ necrotic tissue, RBC, inflammatory cells ¥~¡M¥i¬Ý¨ì aspergillus ªº ¡¨ fungus balls ¡§¡M¥i¬Ý¨ìµßµ·¡M¥~±¥Ñgranulation tissue ©M dense collagen fiber ©Ò¥]³ò¡C
Aspergillosisªº¤ÏÀ³¥i¤À¤TºØ :
(1) Allergic (2)Colonizing (3)Invasive
¨ä¤¤ Colonizing fungus ªø©ó pulmonary cavities ùØ¡M«Ü¤Ö©Î¤£«I¥Ç¨ì²Õ´¡M³o¨Çcavities ±`¦ñ¦s¥ýµo¥ÍªºTB, bronchiectasis, old infarct ©Îabscess ¤¤¡C¦bcavities ¤¤§ä¨ì fungus hyphae ªº¼W¥Í¹Î ¡§ fungus ball ¡§ ¨ä®Çªºreaction ¥i¥H¬O¨S¦³¡M¤]¥i¥H¦³ Chronic inflammation ©M fibrosis.
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073. Cryptococcosis, brain.
Causative agent : Cryptococcus neoformans
¶ê§Î¡M¾ò¶ê§Îªº yeast ¬ù 5~10£g¤j¡M¥~³ò¤@°é«Ü©úÅ㪺 gelatinous capsule¡M¦]¨ä¤£©öµÛ¦â¨Ï¥¦¦b²Õ´¤Á¤ù¤¤©Î exudate ¤¤§e Clear halo.
¤@¯ë¥¦·|³y¦¨ Chronic granulomatous reaction¡M¥]§t¦³ macrophage, lymphocytes, foreign body type giant cells, neutrophils¡M¦³®É¤]¦³ suppuration, ¤]¥i¥H¨S¦³ª¢¯g¤ÏÀ³¡C
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Cryptococcus infection ³Ì±`¨£ªºªí¼x¬O meningitis¡M¦³¤@¥bªºcase·|«I¥Ç¨ì¸£¡M¤j³£¬O¦b Virchow-Robin (perivascular) space¡M¦³®É¶i¤J¨ì gray matter ³y¦¨ small cysts¡Mùر¥Rº¡ Cryptococcus©M¥¦Ìªº mucinous secretion ³y¦¨¹³ ¡§ Soap-bubble ¡§ªº lesions¡C
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Subarachnoid space ¤¤¥i¬Ý¨ì³\¦h¤j¤p®t²§ªº Cryptococcus microorganism¡C
brain ¤¤¤]¨ü¨ì¼vÅT¡M¦b peri-vascular space ¤¤¦³³\¦h cyst¡M¨ä¤º¥Rº¡ Cryptococcus ©M¥¦Ìªº mucinous secretion.
¨S¦h¤Öµoª¢¤ÏÀ³¡C
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077. Bacterial vegetation, mitral valve
mitral Valve ¤W coated with purulent exudate »P thrombus, valveµ²ºc¯}Ãa¡N¦³ necrosis¡M¦b exudate ¤¤§¨µÛ¤j¶q bacterial colonies¡C
Valve ¤§¥~ªº endocardium µLª¢¯gªi¤Î¡Mmyocardium ªº myocytes ¦³ÂI hypertrophy »P©úÅ㪺 sarcolysis¡C
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081. Cytomegalovirus inclusion disease, lung.
Causative agent¡GCMV, a member of the herpes virus group.
¨å«¬ªº CID¡A¯S¼x¬O¬Û·í¤jªº²ÓM¸Ì¥X²{ Amphophilic intranuclear inclusions¡A³oÓ inclusions ¥i¦³²ÓM®Öªº¤@¥b¤j¡A®ÇÃä³ò¶¤@°éClear halo¡A¨Ï±o¥¦©M²ÓM®Ö¼Ò«Ü²M·¡ªº¤À¶}¡C
¤]¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì Amphophilic smaller cytoplasmic inclusions.
Inclusions ©M focal necrosis ªº±¡ªp¥iµo¥Í©ó³\¦h¾¹©x¡A¦ý¥Hsalivary gland, kidneys, liver, lung, guts, pancreas, thyroid, adrenals, brain ¸û±`¨£¡]¨Ì§Ç±Æ¦C¡^¡C
¦b Lung ªº ÅܤƦ³ interstitial pneumonitis, intraalveolar edema, proteinaceous exudate, focal hyaline membrane¡Fintracellular inclusions ¥i¥H¦b alveolarªºlining cells, septal capillary ªºendothelial cell ©M alveolar macrophage µo²{¡C
interstitial pneumonitis¡C
alveolar septa Åܼe¡A¦³ round cells infiltration¡C
§½³¡ Intra-alveolar hemorrhage©Mexudate¡C
°ª¿Ãè¤U¬Ý¨ì¯S§O¤jªº alveolar epithelial cells¡A¤º§t¤@ӫܤjªº pleomorphic nuclei¡A®Ö¤ºÂä@Ó¶ê§Îªº intranuclear Amphophilic body¡A¥~³ò¤@°é Clear halo¡A ¬O Cytomegalovirus inclusion body¡C
³oºØ²ÓM¦b¥»¤ù¤¤¤£¬O«Ü¦h¡A¦ý¤]¤£Ãø§ä¨ì¡C
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091. Hyperacute rejection in renal transplantation.
Renal transplantationªºhyperacute rejection¡A¦b microscope ¤U¥Dn¬Ý¨ì large-sized and medium-sized arteries ¤º¦³ thrombus formation ¦Ó¤Þ°_ renal infraction.
¦b³o slide ¤¤¥i¬Ý¨ì arcuate ¤Î interlobular arteries¤º¶ëµÛ thrombi.
¦åºÞ¾À¡Brenal tubules¤Î glomeruli µ¥©|¥¼¦³©úÅ㪺ÅܤơC
¦brenal cortex³B¥i¬Ý¨ì¤@Ó Simple cyst¡A¦¹¬°¤@ incidental finding¡A¨ÃµL¯S§O·N¸q¡C
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092. Choroid plexus papilloma.
Papillary structures ¤@³æ¼h¤§ columnar ©Î cuboidal cells lie upon a basement membrane that covers a delicate vascular connective tissue.
Áö¦³ tumor necrosis¡A¦ý²ÓM¤À¤Æ¦n¡A¨S¦³ mitoses.
Stroma ¤¤°¸¦³ calcification.
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093. Parkinson
¡¦s disease
¦b¤j¸£«á±ªº Substantia nigra¡]½T¹ê¦ì¸mÀ³¦b Zona compacta¡^¤¤¥i¨£«Ü¦h neuron ³Q¯}Ãa¡C
Neuromelanin pigment ¤§Áû²ÉÄÀ©ñ¡A´²¸¨¦b neuropil¤¤¡C
Gliosis.
Lewy body ¥X²{¦b¤@¨Ç³Ñ¤Uªºneurons ¤¤¡CLewy body¬Ointracytoplasmic¡Aeosinophilic round- to-elongated inclusions¡A¤¤¶¡¬V¦â¸û¬õ¡A¥~±¦³¤@°é halo ³òµÛ¡C
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095. Malignant lymphoma, nodular, predominant small cleaved cell(Lymph node)
¥»¤ù¥¿±`ªº²O¤Ú¸¢µ²ºc¤w¸g¯}Ãa¡A²O¤Ú¸¢¤¤¤§ cortex¡Bmedulla ¤Î¥~³ò¤§ soft tissue §C¿¤U¥i¨£¶ê§Î©Î¾ò¶ê§Î¤§ nodules. Nodules¤º¬°lymphoma ²ÓM¡A¨ä¤¤¤j³¡¤À¬° small cleaved cell.
Small cleaved cell¡G ²ÓMµL®Ö¤¯¡A¦³ÂIª¬ªº¬V¦âÅé¡A®Ö½¤¤£³W«h¡A²ÓM¼ß¤Ö¡A²ÓM¬É½u¤£©úÅã¡A²ÓM¤Àµõ¹³«Ü¤Ö¡C
¤Ö³¡¤À lymphoma cell ¦³¸û¤jªº²ÓM®Ö¡C
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100. Primary diffuse hyperplasia (Graves
¡¦ disease),Thyroid gland.
Follicles ¥Ö²ÓMÅܦ¨¸û°ªªº cuboidal ©Îcolumnar ª¬¡A²ÓM¼Æ¥Ø¼W¥[¡A³y¦¨ papillary buds ¬ð°_¨ì follicles ¤¤¡A³o¨Ç simple papillae¬O nonbranching¡A¤ñ®ÇÃä¤W¥Ö²ÓM°ª¨Ç¡A¦³¨Ç¹³¿¸¼Ëªº¬ð¥X¡A²ÓM¤j¤p§Îª¬¤@ºÉ¬Û¦P¡A¦ýµLatypical ªº²{¶H¡C
Colloid ÃC¦âÅܱo²H¨Ç¡AÃä½t¦³ vacuolation ªº²{¶H¡C
follicles ¶¡ªº stroma ¦³ patchy lymphoid infiltration ²{¶H¡A¨Ã¥i¦ñ¦³lymphoid follicles ªº¥Í¦¨¡C
Interstitial ¶¡¦³¨Ç³¡¦ì¦åºÞ¦h¦ü congestion.
¥H¤W½Ñ²{¶H¡A¥i¦]¥~¬ì·Ç³Æ¶}¤M¡A¥ÎÃĪºÃö«Y¦Ó¦³©Ò§ïÅÜ¡G¦p iodine ¥i«P¨Ï colloid storage¡Adevascularization¡Agland involution¡F¦Óthiouracil·|³y¦¨¼F®`ªº hyperplasia.
¡@
101. Testis, atrophy
Seminiferous tubulesªºbasement membrane «Ü«p(¦³ hyaline change thickening).
¦³¨Ç Lumen §e hyalinization ¦ÓµL²ÓM¡A¨ä¾lªº¤]¶È¦s¤@¨Ç Sertoli cells¡A´X¥G¨S¦³ Spermatogonia.
Interstitial cells (Leydig cell)¼W¥Í¡C
¡@
103. Squamous metaplasia, cervix
³o¤ù¦ì©ó squamocolumnar junction
Cervix gland ¤W ªº covering epithelium ¥»À³¬O columnar epithelium¡A¤£¹L²{¦b¬O Squamous epithelium.
Metaplasia »P dysplasia¤§°Ï¤À¡G
Metaplasia²ÓM±Æ¦C¸û³W«h¡A¥B¼h¼Æ¤£·|¤Ó¦h¡A¬ù5-6¼h¡A²ÓMM¼ß¦h¡A®Ö¬V¦â²H¡AµL©úÅã atypism.
¡@
102. Nodular hyperplasia, prostate.
¦b¸û§C¿©Î¦×²´¤U¥i¥H¬Ý¨ìµ²¸`ª¬¡A¦¹¬° stroma ©Î¸¢Åé¼W¥Íªºµ²ªG¡C
¸¢Åé¼W¥Í¡A¼Æ¥Ø¼W¥[±K¶°¡A²ÓM¸û¤j©Î¼h¦¸¼W¥[¡C
¸¢ªw¥Ñ¨â¼h²ÓM©Òºc¦¨¡A¤º¼h¬° Columnar ¦Ó¥~¼h¬°cuboidal ©Îflattened¡F¨Ã¥i¦V lumen ¤º¬ð¥X§Î¦¨ papillary buds ©M infoldings.
³q±`¸¢Å餺ÁÙ¥]§t¡G
(1)Inspissated secretion
(2)Desquamated epithelial cells
(3)Numerous corpora amylacea
¡@
104. Dysplasia, cervix
Squamous cell epithelium ²ÓM¼h¼Æ«Ü¦h¡A¤U¼hªº²ÓM±Æ¦C¤×¨ä¤£³W«h¡A²ÓM§Îª¬¤£¤@¡A¤£¦¨¼ô¡A¦³¤@¨Çmitotic figure.
¸û¤U¼hªº²ÓM¦³©úÅ㪺 nucleocytoplasmic ratio ªº§ïÅÜ¡Aloss of polarity¡Apleomorphism µ¥atypicalªº²{¶H¡C
¨Ìµ{«×¤£¦P¡A¥i¦³very mild¡Bmild¡Bmoderate ¤Î severe dysplasia¤§¤À§O¡C
¡@
106. Pituitary adenoma.
Patternless sheets of cells with round nuclei and indistinct cytoplasmic borders.
²ÓM¶¡¦³ delicate septa of connective tissue and vessels.
Elongated cells ««ª½©ó fibrovascular septa ±Æ¦C (sinusoidal type).
Papillary appearance_°_©ó artifactual separation of the tissue.
¤j³¡¤À²ÓM¬° chromophobic-clear cytoplasm.
¡@
107. Parotid gland, Pleomorphic adenoma
§C¿Ãè¤U¡A¤w¨£¥¿±`²C¸¢¸¢ªw³ò¶µÛ¤@½F¶ô¡C
°ª¿¤U¡A½F¶ô¤º¦³©úÅ㪺 cartilaginous tissue¡A¨Ã¨£ myxoid ¤Îhyalinzed ¶¡½è²Õ´¡Cmyxoid tissue_abundant basophilic ground substance.
¸¢ºÞ¤W¥Ö²Õ¦¨ªº¸¢ºÞª¬ºc³y¡A¸¢ºÞ¤j¤p¤£¤@¡A¤º¼h¬°§C¬Wª¬¤W¥Ö²ÓM¡A¥~¼h¬°«ó¥¤W¥Ö²ÓM(myoepithelial cell)¡CEpithelial cells_cuboidal or columnar¡A©Î§t¦³ mucin-containing vacuole¡FMyoepithelial cells_smaller, darker, tend to be polygonal¡Awith eccentric nucleus, and hyaline eosinophilic cytoplasm (myoepithelial cells are usually not easy to identified in H&E stain).
½F¶ô¥~³ò¥]¦³½o±Kªº²Õ´²ó½¤¡C
¡@
108. Hepatoma, liver
¥» case ªºÀù²ÓM¸û109¤ù¤§¤À¤Æ¦n¡A²ÓM¤ÎM®Ö¤§¤j¤p¦³»´·L®t²§¡A¦ý»P¥¿±`¨x²ÓM¬Û¹³¡C
½F²ÓM¦h§e¤j¦Ó¼eªº§ô±Æ¦C (trabeculae) ¡A¨C§ô¶¡§¡¦³ªº¦åÄu(sinusoid) ¥B¦³endothelial lining.
¥¿±`ªº Portal area ¤Î central vein ¤§Ãö«Y®ø¥¢¡C³¡¤À hepatocytes¦³©úÅ㪺 bile stasis.
¦³ postnecrotic cirrhosis.
Tumor emboli in portal vein of portal triads.
¡@
110. Adenocarcinoma of cardia of stomach.
¥»¤ù¨ú¦ÛGªº¶Nªù°Ï°ì¡A¦b§C¿Ãè¤U¥i¬Ý¨ì¥¿±`ªº¹¹DÅ쪬¤W¥Ö¡A¨äÂH½¤¤UÀR¯ß¦³¥R¦å²{¶H¡C
¶NªùªºÂH½¤¦³ tumor¡A¥Ñ¸¢¤W¥Ö§Î¦¨¡A²ÓM®Ö¤j¦Ó¿@¬V¡A®Ö¤¯©úÅã¡A¸¢ª¬µ²ºc²V¶Ã¥B¤j¤p¤£¤@¡A¨Ã¦V¤U«I¥Ç¯}ÃaG¾À¦Ù¦×¤Î¼ß½¤¡A³¡¥÷GÂH½¤¤]¨£¼ìºÅ¡C
Tumor cells ³£¦³©úÅ㪺 tubular or glandular structure ªº¤À¤Æ¡A¬°¤@ intestinal type ªº adenocarcinoma.
¡@
111. Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, stomach (Signet-ring cell).
Tumor cells ¤£§Î¦¨ tubular or glandular structure¡A¦Ó«Y diffusely infiltrating ¦bentire wall¡A¬°¨å«¬ªº diffuse infiltrative type (Linitis plastica).
«Ü¦h tumor cells §e ¡§signet-ring¡¨ appearance.
Signet-ring cell ªºM½è¤º§t¤j¶qÂH²G¨Ã§â²ÓM®Ö¦VÃä½tÀ½À£¡A¦]¦Óºc¦¨¯S®íªº²ÓM§Î¶H¡C The tumor cells infiltrate the upper part of mucosa (superficial spreading), therefore the early diagnosis is difficult.
¡@
114. Compound Nevus
¦b upper dermis ¦³ clusters and nests of nevus cell ¬° intradermal nevus.
¦b epidermis »P dermis »P junction ¤]¦³¤Ö¼Æ nevus cell nest¡AºÙjunctional nevus.
«Ü¦h nevus cells ³Q melanin pigment ¾B»\¥HP¬Ý¤£²M·¡¥¦ªºM®Ö¡A¦ý°ò¥»¤W³o¨Ç nevus cells ªºM®Ö³£ÁÙ·Å©M¡C
¡@
119. Warthin
¡¦s tumor, Salivary gland
¦¹¸~½F²Õ´«¬ºA¯S®í¡A¦X¤W¥Ö²ÓM»P²O¤Ú°ò½è¦Ó¦¨¡C¤W¥Ö³¡¤À§Î¦¨cystic spaces¡A¬G¤SºÙcytadenoma lymphomatosum.
¤W¥Ö²ÓM¦³¨â¼h¡G
(1)¤W¼h²ÓM¬°¬Wª¬¥B¶Ý»Ä©Ê(¹³oxyphilic oncocytes)
(2)¤U¼h¬°polygonal©Îpyramidal shape cells.
¤G¼h²ÓM«Å|¨Ã±Æ¦C¦¨¨Å¬ðª¬ºc³y¡C
¤£³W«hªºÅnµÄ¤º§t¦³¶Ý¥ì¬õ©Ê¤Àªc²G¡C
¶¡½è¤º¦³¤j¶q²O¤Ú²y©Ò²Õ¦¨ªº°ò½è¡A¨Ã·|¶°µ²¦¨¬°F¤¤¤ß(germinal center).
½F¶ô¥~¥]¦³ÅÖºû²ó½¤¡C
¡@
122. Epidermoid carcinoma in situ, cervix
²ÓM¼h¼Æ¼W¥[¡C
¾ã¼hªº epithelium ¨ü¼vÅT¡Aloss of polarity¡A²ÓM§Îª¬¤£¤@¡A¨Ã¥X²{pleomorphism ©M mitoses.
Basement membrane ¤´§¹¾ã¡AµL invasion.
¥i¦³ glandular involvement¡A¦ý¤´¦b basement membrane ¬É½u¤§¤º¡A¬G¤´ÄÝ CIS¡C
¡@
123. Adenocarcinoma, colon.
¤j¸zªº Adenocarcinoma »PG¡A¤p¸zµ¥ªº adenoCA ²Õ´«¬ºA¤W®t²§¤£¤j¡A§¡¥H¸¢ºÞµ²ºc¬°¥D¡C
¥»¤ù¥i¬Ý¨ì¥¿±`ªºÂH½¤°ª¬Wª¬¤W¥Ö²ÓM¹L´ç¨ìÀù²ÓMªº±¡ªp¡C
Àù²ÓMÁö«O¦s¬Wª¬¥~§Î¡A¦ýM®Ö¿@¬V¡A chromatin ²Ê¦Ó©úÅã¡A¤Àµõ¸û¦h¡C
¸¢ºÞµ²ºc¤j¤p¤£¤@¡A¦Ó¥B¤£³W«h¡AºÞµÄ¤º¦h¥Rº¡ÂH²G¡A¬Æ¦Ü¦¨¬° mucin pool.
Àù²ÓM¤w¬ï³z¾ã¼hªº¤j¸z¾À¡A¦Ó¨ì¹F¤F paracolic soft tissue.
¡@
130. Medullo(myo)blastoma
medullomyoblastoma »P medulloblastoma ¬Û¦ü¡A¸û©ö¥X²{ subarachnoid seeding of tumor cell¡A¦¹¨Ò¬O¤p¸£ªºmedullomyoblastoma ¸g¹L subarachnoid seeding «á¨ì¹F Dura.
Åã·LÃè¤U»P medulloblastoma Ãþ¦ü¡C
¦¹¨Ò¦b Primary tumor ¸Ì§ä¨ì striated muscle cell¡A¬GºÙmedullomyoblastoma¡A¦ý¦¹¤ù Dura ¨Ã¨S§ä¨ì¡C
¡@
131. Schwannoma
¦¹ tumor µo¥Í¦b peripheral nerve
Åã·LÃèÆ[¸û No.121 high cellularity, nuclear palisading ©úÅã
Palisading nuclei ¦¨ whorl formation
Verocay body --
elongated tumor cells ¦¨ªø¯Á©Î ¶ê§Îªº»E¶°¦¨¹Î¡A¨ä¤¤¶Ý¥ì¬õ©Êªº²ÓM½è¦ì©ó¤¤¶¡¦Ó Palisading nuclei ±Æ¦C¦b¶g³ò¡C
¡@
138. Germinoma
tumor ³q±`¦b gross ¤U¥i¨£¨ì cystic foci, hemorrhage ©M calcifications¡C
¤@¤j¤ù³æ¤@¥B³W«hªº tumor cells¡A¦b¶ê§Îªº²ÓM®Ö¥~³ò¦³ Clear cytoplasm §e¤@ clear halo ¡A¦p fried eggs appearance¡C
°¸¦Ó¥i¨£ giant cells ©M endothelial proliferation¡C
Calcifications (both in tumor and its vicinity)
¡@
139. Glioblastoma
cellularity ÅãµÛ¼W¥[¡C
pleomorphism ¬Æ¬°©úÅã¡C
¥X²{ mitotic figure¡C
¥X²{ endothelial proliferation¡C
¥X²{ tumor necrosis (frank or pseudopalisading type )¡C
Hemorrhage¡C
bizzare giant cells «Ü¦h¡C
¡@
142. Fibrocystic disease
Fibrosis of the stroma.
Duct ¼W¥Í¤Î dilatation¡A§Î¦¨ cysts. Cyst ªº¤W¼h¦h¬°³æ¤@©ÎÂù¼h¡C
bsaement membrane ¤´§¹¦n¡C
lobules are atrophic and distorted by stromal fibrous proliferation.
¡@
143. Condyloma acuminatum
¦]¬°¦ì¸m¤£¦P¡AÁö¦³¬Û¦Pªº histology ÅܤơA«o¦³¤£¦Pªº¦WºÙ¡G
- verruca vulgaris -- hands (elevated)
- verruca plantaris -- sole of foot (callus)
- Verruca plana -- face and hands (flat)
- Condyloma acuminatum --around the anus, vulva, penis
Micro ¤U¡G
- Epidermal hyperplasia
- Hyperkeratosis
- Parakeratosis
- Acanthosis
- Papillomatosis (
¦b Verruca plana µL)
Vacuolization of the cytoplasm of keratinocytes¡F¦¹¬°¦´Á¤§ÅܤơA±ß´Á«h¤£¦s¦b¡C
³oºØ²ÓM¦³ pyknotic nuclei¡Aperinuclear halo¡A©M¤@Á¡¼hªº²ÓM½è-- koilocyte
¦b dermis ¥i¦³ inflammatory reaction
Complicated papillary arrangements of well-differentiated squamous cells with intact basement membrane
¡@
149. Infiltrating duct carcinoma, breast.
Individual tumor cell¡G
¤j¤p¡B¥~§Î¤£¤@¡A¨ã¤Àµõ¹³¡C
²ÓM -> ¤j¤p¥~§Î¤£¤@¡C
Tumor cell ¦³ Central necrosis. papillary or cribriform pattern.
Tumor cells ¬ï¥X basement membrane ¨ì connective tissue -infiltrative growth ¦Ó¦¨¤@³æ¼hªº²ÓM±Æ¦C(¥¿±`ªº duct ¦³¨â¼h²ÓM)¡C
increased dense fibrous tissue stroma.
The stroma is infiltrated with lymphocytes and plasma cells.
¡@
151. Fresh myocardial infarct, heart.
¦b infarct ³B¡A¶g³ò¦³ªº¦ÙÅÖºû§eªi®öª¬(waviness)¦Ó¥B¦³Â_µõ¤§²{¶H¡C
neutrophil infiltration «D±`©úÅã¡C
¦³ coagulation necrosis¡A²ÓM®Ö pyknosis, or karyolysis, with eosinophilic cytoplasm.
¦³ªº®Ö®ø¥¢©Î¦ÙÅÖºû¤§¾î¯¾®ø¥¢¡C
edema¡A¤Î congestion¡C
papillary muscle ¦³ old infarct¡C
¡@
152. Coronary artery atherosclerosis & myocardial hypertrophy
Coronary a.¤º¥i¨£¨ì¤@Ó¥b¤ë§Î¤§ atheroma¡A¨ä¤º¦³ calcification ¤§²{¶H¡C
Advanced atherosclerotic plaque¡F¥~ÂÐ¥H endothelium¡A¨ä¤U¬° fibrous cap (¥]¬A¼W¥Íªº¥·Æ¦Ù²ÓM¡Bcollagen¡Blipid ¤Î foamy cell)¡A³Ì¤¤¥¡¬° necrotic center (¥]¬A¦³ cell debris, cholesterol crystal, cholesterol esters, calcium)
¦åºÞ¤§ media ¦³ÂIµäÁY¡C
Myocardial hypertrophy¡F²ÓMÅܤj¡A®Ö¤]Åܤj¡A¦Ó¥B¦³ªº²ÓM®Ö§Îª¬¦¨¦h¨¤§Î¡C
¡@¡@
161. Atherosclerosis of aorta
intima ¼W«p¡Glipid °ï¶°¡Ffibroblast, smooth muscle ¼W¥Í¡Ainternal elastic lamina ¼W¥Í¤ÎÂ_µõ¡C
media °h¤Æ¡F¦³ hyaline ¤Î myxoid degeneration of the smooth muscle¡C
¥i¨£ cholesterol crystal ¤Î calcification¡C
*4.adventitia ¤w fibrosis ¨Ã¦³ chronic inflammatory cell infiltration¡C
¡@
163. Vascular malformation, brain.
¦b brain ¤¤¤§ vascular malformation ¥i¤À¬°¤TºØ¡Garteriovenous malformations (AVM)¡A capillary telangiectasia¡A¤Îcavernous angiomas¡C¤TªÌ¦U¦³¤£¦P¤§¯S¼x¡C
¥»¤ù¥Dn¬° AVM¡A¥i¨£¦³ tangles of abnormal vessels ¤Î¤£¦P size ¤§vessel channels of arteries & veins¡A¦³¨Ç¦åºÞ¾Ú°Ê¡BÀR¯ßªº¯S½è¡C
¦åºÞ¥Ñ gliotic brain tissue ¤À¶}¡C
¡@
165. Capillary hemangioma, skin
¦h¨£©ó skin subcutaneous tissue, oral cavity & lips ¤§ mucosa¡AYµo¥Í©ó¤ºÅ¦«h±`¨£©ó liver, spleen, kidneys¡C
¥i¨£¤@°ï±K¶°¤§ vessel¡A¾ÀÁ¡¡A¤j¤p¦p capillary¡C¨ä endothelium §¹¦n¡C
¦åºÞ¶¡¥Ñ connective tissue stroma ¤À¹j¡Clumen ¤º¦³¬õ¦å²y(»P lymphatic duct ¦³§O)¡C
¡@
166. Centrilobular emphysema, lung
Emphysema ¤§©w¸q¬° acinus ¤§¥Ã¤[©ÊÂX¤j¤Î¦³ alveolar walls ¤§¯}Ãa¡A¥Dn¥i¤À¬° Centriacinar (centrilobular)¡Apanacinar¡Aparaseptal(distal acinar)¡A¤Î irregular emphysema ¥|ºØ¡C
Centrilobular emphysema ´N¬O¼vÅT¨ì central or proximal parts of acini¡A©Ò¥H¥i¨£¨ì respiratory bronchioles ªþªñ¤§ acini ÂX¤j¸û¼F®`¡A¸û»·³B¤§ acini «h¤£¨ü¼vÅT¡C
Emphysema lesion ªþªñªº alveolar ³QÀ£¢¦¨ slit-like pattern¡C
¦b emphysematous walls ¤W¥i¨£ anthracotic pigment¡C
¡@
168. Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma
¥i¨£¨ì columnar or cuboidal epithelium ªuµÛ alveolar wall ¥Íªø¡A¬°¦¹ tumor ¤§¯S©Ê¡ACancer cell ¤À¤Æ¦n¡A®Ö¦h¦ì©ó©³³¡¡C
¦³®É tumor cells ¤]·|¦ù¤J alveolar space ¦Ó§Î¦¨ papilla¡A¦³®É¤]¥i¬Ý¨£ multinuclear giant cell¡C
¡@
172. Small cell carcinoma (Oat cell type)
²Õ¦¨¦¹ tumor ¤§ cells ¤p¡A¬ù¬° lymphocyte ¤§¤G¿¡A§Îª¬¥Ñ¶ê§Î¦Üµu±ô§Î¡A²ÓM¼ß¤Ö©Î¤£©úÅã¡A²ÓM®Ö¿@¬V¡C
²ÓM¦U¦Û¤À´²¡AµL¯S®íµ²ºc¡A¦³®É·|¥H¤@ÂO©Î¤@¹Îªº¥Íªø¡A¦ýµL¸¢ª¬µ²ºc¡C
¦¹¨Ò¦ñ¦³©úÅ㪺 necrosis¡C
¡@
174. Lobar pneumonia
lobar pneumonia ³q±`³£¼vÅT¨ì¤@¾ãÓ lobe ©Î¾ãÓ segment¡C¤Öµo¥Í©ó¤p«Ä¤Î¦Ñ¤H¡A±`¥Ñ©ó bacteria infection¡A¥i¤À¬°¥|´Á¡Acongestion¡Ared hepatization¡Agray hepatization¡Aresolution¡C
micro ¤U¡A¥i¨£´X¥G©Ò¦³ alveolar space ³£¥Rº¡ neutrophils ¬°¥D¤§ acute inflammatory exudate¡A¤]¥i¨£¤Ö¶q¤§ fibrinous exudate¡C
¡@
175. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC), undifferentiated
¦¹¬°¤@¤À¤Æ®tªº epidermoid carcinoma¡C
Tumor §e solid sheets ©Î nests ±Æ¦C¡A²ÓM¼ß¬° eosinophilic¡A²ÓM¬É¤£©ú¡A²ÓM®Ö¬°µu±ô§Î¥B§e vascular ª¬¡C
¡@
177. Interstitial pneumonia
¥»¤ù¬° measles ¤Þ°_¤§¨Öµo¯g¡A»P¨ä¥¦ viral pneumonia ¤@¼Ë¡A¤]¬°interstitial pneumonia¡C
alveolar wall ¥Ñ©ó inflammation ¤Î fibrosis ¦ÓÅÜ«p¡A¥i¨£¦³macrophages ¤Î mononuclear cells infiltration¡C
peribronchiolitis «Ü©úÅã¡A¥i¨£©úÅ㪺ª¢¯g²ÓM®û¼í¡A¥i¥H¬Ý¨ì´²¦b¤§giant cells¡C
¦b bronchi ¤¤¦³ acute inflammatory exudate¡A¥i¨£¦³secondary bacterial infection¡C
½Ð¦Û¦æ¤ñ¸û slide 174,178¡C
¦³ type ¢º pneumocyte hyperplasia ¤Î¨ì³B¦³ congestion ²{¶H¡C
¡@
180. Osteosarcoma
Osteosarcoma ªº¥Dn¯S¼x¬°¥Ñ stromal tumor cells ²£¥Í¤§ tumor osteoid ©Î woven bone¡F¦¹ osteoid ´²¥¬©ó stromal tumor cells ¶¡¡A¬° eosinophilic¡Aglassy¡A²Óªø¦Ó©¼¦¹¥æÂ´¦b¤@°_¡A¹³ lace ©Î stream ¤@¼Ë¡A¦³®É·| calcification¡C
Stromal tumor cells ¥iÃþ¦ü osteoblast¡Achondrocyte ©Î fibroblast §Îª¬«Ü¤£³W«h¡A®Ö¿@¬V¡A¦³®É¥i¨£ tumor giant cells ¤Î atypical mitosis¡C
Osteostroma ±`¬ï³z periosteium ¦Ó«I¥Ç³n²Õ°¦¦p¾î¯¾¦Ùµ¥¡C
¡@
181. Mesothelioma with hemothorax
¦¹¬° malignant mesothelioma¡A¨ä¤¤¤@¶ô§t¦³ epithelium ¦¨¥÷¤§tumor tissue ¬°¥Dn³¡¥÷¡C¨ä¾lªº fibrous tissue ¦³¥X¦å¤Îµoª¢²{¶H¡C
Tumor tissue ¤¤¥i¨£¨ì whorls of reticulin ¤Î collagen fibers¡A¦Ó¦b¨ä¤¤¤S¦³¦ü fibroblast ¤§ spindle cells¡C
³o¨Ç fibrous tissue ¤Î mesenchymal stroma ¤Î epithelial cells¡A³£¥Ñ mesothelial cell ¤À¤Æ¦Ó¨Ó¡C¤W¥Ö§e¦hÃä§Î¡A²ÓM¼ß¬õ¦â¡AÁö¬°´c©Ê¡A¦ý²ÓM®Ö«Ü³W«h¡A¬Ý°_¨Ó«Ü·Å©M¡A²ÓM§e tubular¡Bnests ©Î sheets ±Æ¦C¡C
¡@
189. Ewing's sarcoma
¥»¨Ò¤w¸g¹LªvÀø¡A¥i¨£¦³ repair ¤§ bone fibrovascular tissue¡A¦ý¦bpreserve ¸û¦n¤§°Ï°ì¡A¤´¥i¨£¸û¨å«¬ªº Ewing's stroma¡C¨ä²Õ¦¨ªº²ÓM¬°primitive small round cell¡ATumor cells µL¯S®í±Æ¦C¡A²ÓM¼ß¬É¤£²M·¡¡A®Ö¦b preserve ¸û¦nªº°Ï°ì¥i¨£¬O vesicle ªº¡C²ÓM«Ü uniform¡C
lobular ±Æ¦C¬O Ewing's stroma ¤§¯S¼x¡C¦b lobules ¤§¶¡¬° fibrous septa¡C
Ewing's stroma ÄÝ small round cell tumors ¤§¤@ºØ¡A¨ä¥¦¸û±`¨£ªº¥]¬A¦³¡Glymphoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroblastoma, poorly differentiatedcarcinoma µ¥¡A±`±`°£¤F LM ¤§¥~ÁÙn EM¡A¤~¥i¶EÂ_¡C©Î¬O¥Î PAS stain ¥i¬V¥X©ó²ÓM¤¤¤§ glycogen §@Ų§O¶EÂ_¡C
¡@
191. Amebic colitis, colon
¥»¤ù colon ¤§ epithelium ¦³¤@³¡¥÷¤w¸g²æ¸¨¡Aulcer ¤w¸g«I¥Ç¦Ü¦Ù¦×¼h¡C
¦³«Ü¼F®`¤§ necrosis ¤Î inflammatory reaction¡C
¦b ulcer ¤¤©Î¨ä base ¥i§ä¨ì ameba¡Csubmucosa ¤Î serosa ¤U¥i¨£¨ìcongestion¡Aserosa ¦³ fibrinous exudate¡C
40% ¤§ ameba ·|«I¥Ç¦åºÞ¡A¬y¦Ü liver ³y¦¨ abscess¡C
¡@
194. Ameloblastoma
¦b micro ¤U¡Atumor ¤w¸g«I¥Ç¦Ü bone marrow ³B¡Abone trabecular ©úÅ㪺³Q§l¦¬¡C
Tumor ¤§²Õ´§ÎºA»P tooth bud «Ü¬Û¦ütumor nests ¤§¥~¼h¬°±Æ¦C¾ã»ô¤§ ¬Wª¬¤W¥Ö²ÓM¡C¤º¼h¬°²¨ÃP¤§¬Pª¬²ÓM¡C»P tooth bud ¤§ ameloblastic epithelium ©M stellate reticulum «D±`¬Û¹³¡CSquamoid differentiation is occasionally found at the part of tumor.
¦¹ tumor ¥H local invasion ¬°¥D¡A«Ü¤Ö¦³ metastasis¡A¦ý±`¦]¤â³N¤Á°£¤£§¹¥þ¦Ó©ö¦Aµo¡C
¡@
195. Adenomatous polyp, colon
Adenomatous polyps ¬°¤@ºØ neoplastic adenoma¡A¤SºÙ¬° tubular adenoma¡AY¦X¨Ö¦³ villous structure «hºÙ¬° tubulovillous adenoma¡C
¥»¤ù¦b¦×²´¤U§Y¥i¨£ÂH½¤¼hªø¥X¦³ stalk ¤§¥Y¥Xª«§Y¬° polyp¡C
micro ¤U¡Apolyp ¤§©³³¡ÁÙ¬O¥¿±`¤§¤j¸zÂH½¤¡A¦ý¦b³»³¡¡A¤W¥Ö²ÓM¤Î¸¢Å餧±Æ¦C«Ü±K¶°¡A¼Æ¥Ø¤]«Ü©úÅã¦a¼W¦h¡C²ÓM®Ö¤j¦Ó¿@¬V¡AM½è¤º mucus ´î¤Ö¡A¦³ mitosis¡A¦ý¼Æ¥Ø¤£¦h¡C
polyp ¤¤¥¡¬° fibrovascular core¡A¦³ÂI congestion¡C
¡@
206. Malignant lymphoma, diffuse, large cell.
¥»¤ù¬°G®Ç¤§adipose tissue³Q´c©Ê²O¤Ú®û¼í¡C
²ÓM¥H¤j«¬ªºlymphocytes¬°¥D ( large non-cleaved cell ) ¡A¤Ö³¡¥÷¬°large cleaved cells¤Îsmall cleaved cells.
¥i§ä¨ìmitosis.
¡@
207. Malignant lymphoma, lymphoblastic, Lymph node.
¦]specimen¤¤¥¡©T©w¤£¦n¡A©Ò¥HnÆ[¹î¥~³òªº²ÓM¡C
²O¤Ú¸¢µ²ºc¤w¯}Ãa¡A¦³¤pªº´c©Ê²O¤Ú²y®û¼í¡A²ÓM¼ß¤Ö²ÓM®Ö¬°¶ê§Î¡A³¡¥÷®Ö½¤¤£³W«h¡A¦³¤p«¬¤§®Ö¤¯¤Î²Ó¤Ö¤§¬V¦âÅé¡C
¤À¦C¬Û (mitosis) ¦h¡C
lymphoblastic lymphoma¥i¤À¬°convoluted¤Îunconvoluted¨âºØtype.
¡@
212. Portal cirrhosis, liver
You may see:
- (1)micronodules dissected by delicate fibrous septa, pericellular fiber.
- (2)extensive fatty change of parenchyma within the nodules,
- (3)lymphocyte infiltration in portal area.
- (4)Bile stasis in hepatocytes like carol.
- (5)Mallory body
¡@
215. Submassive hepatic necrosis
¦b§C¿Ãè¤U¥i¨£¨ì¨x¤p¸ªºÃä½t¡A¤w¸g¦³©úÅ㪺Ãa¦º²{¶H¤Îª¢¯g²ÓM®û¼í¡C
¤w¸g·lÃa¤§ reticulin framework ¤Î portal tract ¤´µM¥i¨£¡CBridging hepatic necrosis (central to central; central to portal)
Bile ductules ¼W¥Í¤Î bile stasis ³£¥i¨£¨ì¡C
Bridging hepatic necrosis (central to central, portal to portal) ¡C
¡@
217. SJogren's syndrome, Salivary gland
Sjogren's syndrome ¬O autoimmune disease ªº¤@ºØ¡C¨ä¥Dn¼vÅT¾¹©x¥]¬A¸|¸¢¡B²\¸¢¤ÎÃö¸`Ån¡C
¥»¤ù¤U¡A¥i¬Ý¨ì typical ªºÅã·LÅܤƦp salivary parenchyma atrophy¡F«D±`ÄY«ªº interstitial lymphocytic infiltration ¨Ã§Î¦¨¤j¤p¤£¤@ªºlymphoid follicles¡C
¸¢ºÞªº¦Ù¤W¥Ö²ÓM¼W¥Í¦¨¤Q¤À¬¡ÅDªº "myoepithelial cell islands."
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219. Biliary cirrhosis & Schistosomiasis, liver
Biliary cirrhosis ¬O¥Ñ©ó bile ductule ©Î hepatic duct ¨ü·l¦Ó³y¦¨bile ¥~¬y¡A¤Þ°_¨xµw¤Æ¡C¥i¤À¬° primary ¤Î secondary biliary cirrhosis.
micro ¤U¤§¯S¼x¥Dn¦b regular scarring ¤ÎÄY«¤§ bile stasis¡C
§C¿Ãè¤U¦³©úÅ㤧 periportal fibrosis¡Afibrous septa ±N portal triads ¤¬¬Û³s±µ¡A¦Ó¥B¦b septa ¤¤¦³ mononuclear cells infiltration ¤Î bile ductule proliferation¡C¥Ñ©ó§K¬Ì¤ÏÀ³¯}Ãa bile ductules ¤§¤W¥Ö¡A©Ò¥H¥i¥H¦b fibrous septa ¤¤¬Ý¨£ tangled knots¡C
³Q¤À³Î¤@¤ù¤ù¤§¨x¤p¸¤¤¡A¥i¥H¨£¨ì¨x²ÓM¤Î canaliculi ¤¤¦³ bile stasis¡C
¦³®É¥i¨£¨ì lymphoid follicle ¤Î foamy histocytes¡C
¦b fibrous septa ¤¤¦P®É¥i¬Ý¨£¶t¤Æ¤§ schistosoma ªºÂΧZ¡C
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223. Cholangioma, liver
¤S¥iºÙ¬° cholangiocarcinoma¡A¦h¬°¤À¤Æ¨}¦n¤§ desmoplastic adenocarcinoma¡C
tumor ¥Dn¬O¸¢ª¬©ÎºÞª¬µ²ºc¡A¤W¦³ cuboidal ©Î columnar epithelium lining¡C¦]¬°ÄÝ©óÅÖºû¶¡½è¦h¤§ tumor¡A©Ò¥H¥i¥H¬Ý¨£ dense collagenous stroma ¤À¹j cancer cells¡C
¥i¦b tumor ¤¤¨£¨ì microcyst¡A¦³ªº¬Æ¦Ü¦³¨Å¬ðª¬µ²ºc¬ð¥X©ó cyst ¤¤¡A¨ä¤W¥Ö¥ç¬°¥ß¤è©Î¬Wª¬¤W¥Ö¡C¦P®É¦b cell ©Î lumen ¤¤¥i¨£¨ì mucin¡C
¨x¹ê½è³Q½F¯}Ãa¦³¥X¦å¤Î bile stasis; centrilobular cholestasis¡C
Bile ducts have CIS or dysplasia; Centrilobular cholestasis¡C
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226. Dissecting aneurysm, aorta
cystic medial necrosis ¬°³Ì±`¨£ªºì¦]¡C
¥Dn¯fÅܦb tunica media¡A§C¿Ãè¤U¥i¥H¬Ý¨£ media ¤º2/3»P¥~1/3¥æ¬É³B¤º¦³«Ü¦h RBC¡C
°ª¿Ãè¤U¥i¨£ media ¤§ cellularity ´î¤Ö¡Aelastic fiber »P¥·Æ¦ÙÅÖºû´î¤Ö¡A¦Ó¼W¥[¤F¶ÝÆP©Ê¤§ ground substance of connective tissue (¥»¤ù¤£©úÅã)¡Celastic fiber Â_µõ¡Bâ¶Ã¤]¬O¯S¼x¤§¤@¡C
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229. Avascular necrosis, Femur head
Bone ¤§ necrosis¡Abone marrow ³Ì¦µo¥ÍÅܤƵM«á¬O bony trabeculae¡C
¥»¤ù¥i¨£ marrow-element ¤w¸g¥¢¥h¥¿±`¤§µ²ºc¥u³Ñ¤U¯»¬õ¦âªºgranular material : granular necrosis¡C
bone ¤§ necrosis «h¬°°©²ÓM®ø¥¢¡Alacunae ¤¤¤§ osteocyte ¤w®ø¥¢(empty lacuna)¡A¦ý°©ÀYªº matrix ÅܤƤ£¤j¡C
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234. Fat necrosis (acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis)
mechanism¡G¥Ñ©ó¬¡¤Æ¤§¯Ø»Ã¯À¬y¤J¯ØÅ¦ªº parenchyma¡A¦Ó¤Þ°_ pancreas ¤§ interstitial inflammation & tissue digestion¡C
fat necrosis--fat §e³z©úªÅªwª¬ ¡A¥i²£¥Í calcification¡A¦b¬Y¨Ç¦a¤è¤w¦¨ homogenous pale pink material¡C
¦³ congestion & hemorrhage -- ¥Ñ©ó¦åºÞµo¥Í necrosis ¾ÉP hemorrhage¡C
¦³ inflammatory reaction-leukocyte infiltration ©óÃa¦º°Ï°ì¶g³ò¡C
¦³ hematoidin (¦å´Ä´¹½è)¨I¿n©ó fat necrosis ¤§Ãä½t¡C
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235. Benign & malignant nephrosclerosis, simple cyst
¤Î microadenoma,Kidney
malignant nephrosclerosis ¥Ñ©óµÇŦ¦³¯f¥[¤W´c©Ê©Î«æ©Ê°ª¦åÀ£¦Ó¤Þ°_¡A µo¯f¤§«e³£¦³ benign hypertension¡C
¤j³¡¥÷¤¤¤p«¬¦åºÞ¦³©úÅ㤧 hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis¡C
malignant hypertension ¦b¦åºÞ¤¤¥Dn¯S¼x¦³¤G¡G
(1)eosinophilic granular change ¤Î inflammatory infiltration ºÙ¬° necrotizing arteriolitis¡C
(2)interlobular arteries ¤Î arterioles ªº intima ¼W«p§e onion-skinª¬¡AºÙ¬° hyperplastic arteriolitis¡C
neutrophils ®û¼í¤Î glomerular capillary ¦³ thrombusºÙ¬° necrotizing glomerulitis¡C
¥Ñ©ó necrotic capillaries ¯}µõ¦Ó²£¥Í hemorrhage¡CµÇ¤pºÞ©Î¬OµäÁY¡B©Î¬OÂX±i¡A¨ä¤º¥Rº¡ hyaline cast¡C
¤ù¤l¤º¦³¤@ª½®|¬ù 5mm ¤§ cyst ¤º¦³ simple cuboidal epithelial lining¡C
¦b cyst ªþªñ¾a¥Ö½è³B¦³¤@ 2mm ª½®|¤§ microadenoma¡C¥ÑµÇ¤pºÞ¤W¥Ö²Õ¦¨¡A±Æ¦Cºò±K¡A¤£§e¸¢Å骬¡A²ÓM¤À¤Æ¨}¦n¡C
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239. D.M.Nodular glomerulosclerosis, Kidney
D.M. ¦b kidney ¤º¡A¨ÏµÇŦ¦åºÞ²£¥Í¯fÅÜ¡A¥t¥~ÁÙ¦³µÇµ·²y¯fÅÜ¡A¥Dn¦³capillary£vbasement membrane ÅÜ«p¡A§Y(a)diffuse glomerulosclerosis,(b)Nodular glomerulosclerosis¡CInsudative lesion; capsular drops¡C
micro ¤U¡A´X¥G¨C¤@µÇµ·²y³£¥i¨£¨ì¯fÅÜ¡Acapillary basement membrane §e diffuse thickening¡Acapillary loop ¼u©Ê®ø¥¢¬Ý°_¨Ó«Ü rigid¡C¦³ªºµÇµ·²y lobules ¬Æ¦Ü§e²{ hyaline nodules ¤S¯SºÙ¬°Kimmelstiel-wilson body¡C
µÇ¤pºÞ¦³Äjº©©ÊµäÁY¡A©ÎªÌ¥Ñ©ó proteinuria ¦Ó¨äºÞµÄ¤¤¦³ cast¡C
¦åºÞÅܤƩúÅã¡C¤j¦åºÞ¦³ atherosclerosis¡A¤¤«¬¦åºÞ¦³ intimal fibroplasia¡A¦A¥J²Ó¬ÝµÇµ·²y¤§¤J²y¤p°Ê¯ß«h¥i¨£ hyaline change¡C
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241.Rapid progressive glomerulonephritis (diffuse crescentic GN), kidney
RPGN ¨ÏµÇ¥\¯à©ó«Üµuªº®É¶¡¤º°IºÜ¡C¥Dn¥i¤À¤TÃþ:anti-GBM, immunocomplex, & pauci-immune¡C
micro ¯S¼x¬°µÇµ·²y»PÀj¤óÅnÂH³s¤Î parietal endothelial cells ¼W¥Í³y¦¨µÇµ·²y tuft ¹ï°¼¤§Àj¤óÅn¦³¥b¤ë«¬ lesion ¥X²{¡C
µÇ¤pºÞ¤¤«×µäÁY¡A¶¡½èÅÖºû¤Æ¤Îª¢¯g²ÓM®û¼í³£¥i¨£¡C¦åºÞ¦³ÂIÅܤơC
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243. Renal cell carcinoma, Kidney
¤ù¤l¤U¤@¥b¬° tumor¡A¤@¥b¬°¥¿±`²Õ´¡Crenal cell Ca ¬°µÇ¤pºÞ¤W¥Ö©Òl¥Í¡C
tumor ¥Dn¥Ñ clear cell ¤Î granular cell ©Òºc¦¨¡A°¸¦Ó¤]·|¦³ spindle cell¡C¥»¤ù´X¥G¬° clear cell¡Ctumor cell ±Æ¦C¦¨¯Áª¬¡C´I¦åºÞ¤ÎµÄÄu¡Cclear cell ¦³¶ê¦Ó³z«G¤§²ÓMȧt glycogen ¤Î lipids¡C
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245. Neurofibroma, skin
¦¹¬°¤@¥Ö¤U¤§ neurofibroma¡Aª`·N¶g³ò¨S¦³ capsule¡A§e®û¼í©Ê¥Íªø¡C
²ÓM®Ö§e²Óªø©Î¯¼Áèµ·ª¬¡A¦³¨ÇÃþ¦ü schwann cell ¤§¥yÂIª¬©Îªi®öª¬¡C
¾ã¤ù¤§¸~½F²ÓM®I¦b collagen fiber ¤¤¡C
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246. Acute glomerulonephritis (Diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis, postinfectious type), kidney
¥»¤ù¬°¬ï¨ë¤Á¤ù¼Ð¥»¤§µÇ¥Ö½è²Õ´¡C
¦h¼ÆµÇµ·²y³£¸~¤j¡A¨Ï Bowman¡¦s space ®ø¥¢¡A¦Ó¥B¦³